THE KHAKASS

Research. The first data on the Khakass language and its dialects dates back to the 19th century. In 1857 A. Castrén's study of the grammar of the Koibal and Karagass dialects was published (Versuch einer kobalischen und karagassischen Sprachlehre). Next, in 1884, came a dictionary of the Altai and Aladag dialects by V. Verbitsky. This was followed by ethnological studies by N. Katanov (1907) and V. Radlov (1929). During the Soviet period research into the language continued in connection with the introduction of a new written language. A. Kazanakov worked out the orthography of the literary language and wrote the first text-books. In 1944 an Institute for Research into the Khakass language, literature and history was founded in Abakan, and began organizing the collection of material on dialects, the standardization of the literary language and research into Khakass and its kindred languages. A theoretical treatment of the grammar of the Khakass language was published in 1948 by N. Dyrenkova, and a Khakass-Russian dictionary in 1961 (D. Tshankova). Some monographs on dialects (on the Sagai dialect in 1948, on the Katchin dialect in 1959) have also been published. REFERENCES O. Kurs, Krimmitatarlased. -- Akadeemia 2, 1991 Н. А. Баскаков, К истории изучения хакасского языка. -- Записки хакасского научно-исследовательского института языка, литературы и истории. Вып. II, Абакан 1951 Н. А. Баскаков, Тюркские языки, Москва 1960 Ðœ. И. Боргояков, Источники и история изучения хакасского языка, Абакан 1981 Ð’. Г. Карпов, Хакасский язык. -- Языки народов СССР. Т. II, Москва 1966 Н. Ф. Катанов, Наречия урянхайцев (соитов), абаканских татар и карагасов. -- Образцы народной литературы северных тюркских племен. Т. IÐ¥, С.-Перербург 1907 Очерки истории Хакассии советского периода 1917--1961, Абакан 1963 Ð’. Ð’. Радлов, Этнографический обзор турецких племен Сибири и Монголии, Иркутск 1929 Хакасы. -- Народы Сибири, Москва -- Ленинград 1956